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A meticulously designed, beautifully-constructed track racer destined to take the modern fixed-gear rider beyond the velodrome. Built to be the track bike we'd always dreamed of owning, this competition-ready steel frame soaks up bumps and sprints like a champ. Boasting a single set of bottle bosses and bumped-up tire clearance, it's drilled for brakes and fully street legal. 612 Select Tubing - We've carefully chosen every piece of tubing on every frame size to provide the best ride possible. Drilled For Brakes - Drilled for front and rear brakes when quick and safe stopping is needed off the track. Tire Clearance - Run 25c tires on the track or swap 'em out for 32c tires when you're ready to hit the street. Lugged Fork Crown - Thoughtful custom touches add class and style—perhaps where you least expect it. Signature Seat Collar - Train your eyes on that timeless and tasteful brazed-on seat collar, elegantly designed around the All-City logo. Custom Dropouts - Signature stainless steel Hennepin Bridge track dropouts add grace and a dash of pride for AC's home turf. Reinforced Bottle Bosses - Beautiful stars reinforce the bottle bosses and our obsessive attention to detail. Liquid Paint and E.D. Coat - Our topnotch wet paint finish sparkles with depth and luster, while an E.D. coating protects against rust.

If you've got bicycling on your mind but crave the added stability and comfort of a three wheeler, then the Miami Sun is just what you're looking for. This new Traditional 24" 7-Speed model takes all of the great features of the original Traditional 24" trike and adds easy twist-shift gearing to smooth out the hills. We’ve also added a powerful rear disc brake to complement the front linear-pull brake for solid on-demand stopping power. With its comfortable ride quality, low step-over frame and great equipment, the Traditional trike line has been a best-seller for years and now it’s even more well equipped. Take the Traditional 24" 7-Speed for a spin today and see for yourself how bright the Miami Sun is. - High-tensile steel Low-Step frame - Sunrace 7-speed drivetrain (13-15-18-21-24-28-34T) - Sunrace twist shifter - Alloy linear-pull front brake with parking lock - Mechanical disc rear brake with parking lock - Alloy rims with stainless steel spokes - 24 x 1.75" tires - 9" high-rise steel handlebar and stem, foam grips - Sun Tractor saddle with heavy-duty steel base - Steel chain guard and nickel-plated front fender - Vinyl-coated steel wire basket

If you've got cycling on your mind but crave the added stability and comfort of three wheels, then the Traditional Trike is what you're looking for. Our trike is specifically designed with an ultra-low step through frame, like our Streamway, for easy on and off access. Once seated, you immediately notice the impressive comfort of the tractor style saddle. If bigger is better, then Sun hit pay dirt. - High-tensile steel easy step-through frame with compatibility for optional direct mount rear derailleur and disc brake - Single-speed gearing (Internal 3-speed, Internal 5-speed and 7-speed derailleur kits available for purchase separately) - Alloy linear-pull front brake with brake lever actuated parking lock (Rear axle disc brake caliper kit available for purchase separately) - Single wall alloy rims with stainless steel spokes - 24 x 1.75" CST street friendly tires - Sun Trike High Rise steel handlebar - Sun Tractor padded saddle with heavy duty steel base - Steel chain guard - Nickel plated steel front fender - Vinyl coated steel wire basket, 21 x 15 x 9"

The Baja Trike is fashioned after Sun's wildly successful Baja Cruz, a two-wheeled model that first introduced the cycling world to wide-tired beach cruising. Now that same great experience can be had on three wheels! The Baja Trike gives you stability and comfort like never before. Fully featured, it comes with easy twist-shift gearing for hills and smooth, powerful disc brakes front and rear. With both fun and understated color options, the glossy frame and matching painted chain guard adds a touch of class and the high handlebars put you in control. Consider this the SUV of Sun's lineup, it puts in work and it still brings the party wherever it goes. - High-tensile steel easy step-through frame with direct mount rear derailleur and disc brakes - 7-speed SunRace gearing - Front and rear disc brake with brake lever actuated parking locks - Alloy extra-wide rims with stainless steel spokes - 24 x 3.50" Sand Storm street tires - Sun Trike high rise steel handlebar - Sun Trike deluxe saddle with double coil spring suspension - Steel chain guard - Custom tubular alloy rear basket with wood insert, 20"x15"x10"

We built the Thunderdome to celebrate the urban cycling and track-racing communities-the very heartbeat of All-City. Crafted from 7000 Series Aluminum, drilled for front and rear brakes, and now available as a complete bike for the very first time, this lightweight and responsive racer has proven itself on the boards of velodromes across the globe. Stripped down and race-ready, this scary-fast champ is ready to tear through left turns and track crits in record time. From distance to sprints, all this rocket asks is that you hold on tight. UCI Certified - Officially approved for full-on, heart-stopping track racing by the Union Cycliste Internationale, the world governing body for sports cycling. Drilled For Front and Rear Brakes - Race it brake-free in its natural habitat, or run front and rear brakes if you wanna take the Thunderdome to the streets. Round Profile Tubing - With a nod to classic styling and efficient performance, the Thunderdome boasts round profile tubing constructed from 7000 Series Aluminum. Carbon Fork - Outfitted with the lightweight Whisky No.7 RD Tapered carbon fork for high style and precise handling. Stainless Axle Pads - Replaceable stainless steel axle pads for increased durability. UID Paint and Polished Frame Accents - Our topnotch wet paint sparkles with depth and luster, contrasting with beautifully polished aluminum sections from the starting line to the photo finish. Classic Headtube With Modern Performance - Clean and stylish, a tapered headtube offers increased stiffness and improved cornering. Signature Seat Collar - Our fully custom Shot Collar seatpost clamp gets the job done with a little flair.

They say that every journey begins with a single step, but when that journey is related to exercise, that first step can sure be a doozy. It can be life-changing, however, and there's no better machine to take the plunge with than with the Roll. With its lightweight alloy frame, eight speeds of "go fast" gearing, stable and wide 650b tires, and powerful hydraulic disc brakes, the Roll does everything in its power to encourage and motivate you to keep fit and get around in comfortable, efficient style. - Equipped with a Body Geometry Comfort Gel saddle, you can expect a supreme level of comfort anywhere you ride. It is ergonomically designed and scientifically tested to provide unmatched comfort and support while reducing pressure on soft tissue. - The Roll is made of our A1 Premium Aluminum, and it features our Ground Control Positioning that makes it easy to put a foot down when stopped. This Roll also comes ready with rack/fender mounts. - Wide diameter, 650b x 2.3" Nimbus II Sport Reflect tires provide excellent traction, stability, and cushioning, which creates a safer, more reliable, and more comfortable ride on either paved or dirt roads. Plus, the reflective accents of the tire increase your visibility to motorists in low-light conditions.

A class-leading touring bike, the newly redesigned Disc Trucker provides versatility and dependability on the daily commute or trans-continental excursion. Fork blade three-pack mounts enable you to attach and haul even more stuff, and the frame features a low bottom bracket and long chainstays for comfort and stability while loaded down. With increased stack height and improved standover clearance, plus ample space for larger tires and fenders, it’s designed to go the distance. Introduced in 2012, the Disc Trucker is widely considered one of the best-in-class touring bicycles available today. Truly at home on the road, it features updated geo and modern component compatibility, along with versatile mounting options that make it ideal for daily commutes and months-long disappearing acts alike. Built from Surly’s proprietary, touring-compliant 'Natch tubesets, updates to the Disc Trucker include a shortened seat tube and slightly sloped top tube for better stand-over clearance, plus an increased stack height for a more relaxed riding position. Shortened chainstays offer improved stiffness and maneuverability around corners, while 12mm thru-axles provide a stiffer feel and greater stability when fully loaded. To ensure the Disc Trucker continues to exceed expectations in terms of compatibility with modern product standards, its dropouts have been redesigned to accommodate flat-mount disc brakes and captured thru-axles. An updated fork incorporates dynamo routing and three-pack mounts for even more mounting options. - 100% Chromoly steel frame and fork; double-butted main triangle and E.D. coating for increased frame life - Braze-ons for fenders, racks, and almost anything else you might want to stick on your bike, plus spare spoke holders for when the road gets rough - Fork blade three-pack mounts for even more mounting options, plus routing for Dynamo hubs - Redesigned front and rear dropouts to accommodate captured 12mm thru-axles and flat-mount disc brakes - Clearance for 26 x 2.1" tires with or without fenders

Bridge Club is a highly versatile touring bike that perfectly hits the sweet spot, spanning on- and off-road excursions. Bridge Club is for those multi-surface outings — planned or unplanned. We've all run out the clock on a dirt tour and had to add in some paved shortcuts. Conversely, when you’re feeling a little zesty on your next road tour, Bridge Club is ready for reroutes through the woods. Some people hear "bike touring" and immediately think of long-forgotten stretches of highway, small-town oddities, and roadside attractions. Some instantly recall desolate stretches of desert dirt roads or lush green forest trails. With Bridge Club, you can have your dessert and eat it too! - Ultra-focused on simplicity, it only has the barnacles that matter most to the discerning bike tourist - Two build kit options: Pavement (700c) and Off-Road (27.5-inch) - Run racks and panniers, framebags, or all of the above - Disc brake-specific, single position, vertical rear dropout makes it less intimidating than other bikes in the category - Clearance for 700 x 47mm tires (with or without fenders), 27.5 x 2.80 tires (27.5 x 2.60 with fenders), and 26 x 3.0 tires (26 x 2.80 with fenders)

The EZ-Classic SX is the perfect entry-level recumbent. With its smooth ride and comfortable, stable position, it's designed to provide years of use. And with 21 gears to choose from, it'll be a dream to pedal over most terrain. - Fits riders with an X-Seam of 33 – 48"

The Revolutions AL is the ideal choice for a day at the beach or just cruising around town. The aluminum frame weighs less than its steel counterpart and provides superior corrosion resistance. Single-speed gearing and a coaster brake make this bike fun to ride and a breeze to maintain. Contact points are covered in comfort from top to bottom with a high-rise cruiser handlebar, super-soft foam grips, a wide cruiser saddle. Ultra-plush 2.50" wide tires provide stability as well as soaking up the bumps. - Lightweight custom-formed alloy frame - Single-speed gearing with KT coaster brake - 26" alloy rims with stainless steel spokes - 26 x 2.50" Sand Storm cruiser tires - 27.5" wide Sun Cruiser steel handlebar - Sun Cruiser saddle with elastomer springs - Steel chain guard - Steel kickstand

The Darko is a solid spec'd, vibrant bike for the new-school street shredder. The frame comes with fully removable brake hardware and the bars use the flangeless Radio XL grips, giving the Darko a sleek and modern look. A fat combo seat and shorter 13.2" chainstays finish off this incredible bike built for the streets.

- 6061 Aluminum alloy frame - Alloy crankset with sealed cartridge bottom bracket - 80mm wide alloy rims with stainless steel spokes - 26" x 3.5" Vee Tire Co. Speedster tires - Steel cruiser handlebar - Sun custom cruiser saddle - Steel chain guard - Alloy kickstand - Frame Size: 18.5" - Frame Standover: 32" - Wheel Size: 26" - Gearing: 7-speed - Brakes: Disc Brake - Bike Weight: 41 lbs - Rider Weight Limit: 250 lbs

- 6061 aluminum alloy frame with reinforcing gussets at critical points - Steel fork - 24" alloy rims with stainless steel spokes - 24" x 2.30" tires - Single-speed drivetrain with flip-flop rear hub - Three-piece chromoly BMX cranks with 8-spline sealed bearing BB - Black Ops SpecOp custom BMX saddle with anti-slip surface - Black Ops SpecOp BMX handlebar - Rear alloy v-brake with 2-finger lever - Black Ops rear pegs - Black Ops custom 3-piece pad set Suggested Rider Size: - 60-68" / 4'10" - 5'6" WEIGHTS: - Bike Weight: 30 Lbs - Rider Weight Limit: 250 Lbs

The Revolutions AL is the ideal choice for a day at the beach or just cruising around town. The aluminum frame weighs less than its steel counterpart and provides superior corrosion resistance. Single-speed gearing and a coaster brake make this bike fun to ride and a breeze to maintain. Contact points are covered in comfort from top to bottom with a high-rise cruiser handlebar, super-soft foam grips, a wide cruiser saddle. Ultra-plush 2.50" wide tires provide stability as well as soaking up the bumps.

With a super-low step-through frame, Sun makes running errands and cruising around on the Streamway as easy as can be. The aluminum frame and wheels are light and durable for easy pedaling, while Shimano's Nexus 3-speed hub keeps the gears and coaster brake sealed from the elements for flawless shifting and braking in any weather. And, this sweet cruiser offers the luxurious comfort of an upright riding position, a plush saddle and a unique frame design that lets you place both feet flat on the ground for ease and stability.

Let your cares drift away and the bike path cruise on by with Sun's Revolutions CB-26. This cool cruiser boasts a comfortable upright riding position and a classy retro look that'll make you the envy of the block. You'll love the easy-to-operate and low-maintenance one-speed drivetrain with the sure-stopping coaster brake, as well as the plush seat and wide bars that put you in the lap of luxury on all your rides.

Straggler is a bikepacking-inspired road/gravel bike mostly at home on pavement but ready for trail duty when called. Born on Gravel. Raised on Pavement Straggler is tuned for cross-over exploration on a wide variety of terrain conditions. It's a day-tripper and a weekender. It's a "rough road" road bike, a cyclocross bike with no pretense about racing, a utilitarian townie, a light-duty touring bike and an all-weather commuter. It's a steel gravel bicycle that thrives on the road. Think of it as a "mountain biker's road bike." If you only have room for one bike in your life, Straggler can (and should) be your one and only. Straggler's capabilities go well beyond asphalt. It also lends itself well to light touring setups. We're talking frame bags, seat bags, and "credit card touring" rather than full-blown touring. Straggler also handles our 8- and 24-Pack Racks well, so you have some heavier-duty loading options. - Accommodations for racks and fenders - Forward-exiting horizontal dropouts for singlespeed compatibility and wheelbase adjustability - Clearance for 650B x 41mm tires with fenders!

Designed to go where no normal fat bike can, the Surly Moonlander is for riders who want otherworldly capabilities on rocky shorelines, sand, snow, and desolate landscapes not yet discovered. While our proprietary 24 x 6.25” tires surpass the limitations of current fat bikes, the Moonlander still rides like a normal bike, making it easier (and more fun) to navigate previously unrideable terrain. It’s the ultimate choice for explorers who itch for the next great adventure, and aren’t afraid of what they might find. - Constructed from 100% Surly Chromoly Steel for excellent durability - Surly's first bike with a 9-speed Pinion gearbox, an innovative approach to spur gearing that improves reliability and go-anywhere performance with less maintenance - Large volume Surly Molenda Tires on 24 x 100mm Surly Clown Royal Rims creates footprint large enough to float over unpredictable terrain - Clearance for 24 x 6.25” tires, as well as 26 x 5.1”, 27.5 x 4.8”, and 29 x 3” - Comes with rack and fender mounts, as well as accessory mounts on both fork blades to enhance cargo capacity - Weight distribution across front and rear, with a longer back, allows for greater stability - Features TEKTRO HD-M285 Hydraulic Disc Brake System - Four frame sizes to fit most riders: SM, MD, LG, XL - Includes a dropper for easier on and off, especially on soft surfaces"

Steel Commuter and Gravel Bike Preamble is a hard-boiled steel commuter built for comfort, durability, and buffoonery on pavement and gravel. Nothing More is Needed. Nothing Less Will Do. The challenge was thus: Build a serious steel bike and give it only the attributes that matter most. Make it quick and comfortable on pavement, as well as confident and compliant on degraded surfaces. What the Enginerds put forth is Preamble, a pavement and gravel utility worker that proves you don't need to cut corners or clip coupons to make a more affordable steel bike. You just need to keep shit simple. Preamble can run racks and fenders and carry a couple water bottles. Surly was raised on stealing basic cable, after all. Smooth and efficient on asphalt, Preamble's double-butted main triangle provides a resplendent ride feel and withstands abuse from life's inevitable potholes. Make it your own with flat bars, drop bars, a basket, or bags. On the road to steel euphoria, Preamble is the gateway drug. Let facts be submitted to a candid world: - Offered in flat-bar and drop-bar configurations - Easy T-Shirt sizing to fit nearly every rider (XS, S, M, L, XL) - Sloping top tubes on XS and Small frames for improved standover and comfort - To offer the best rider experience for every frame size, XS and S frames get 650b wheelsets while M–XL get 700c - Custom-cast single-position vertical dropout

A mix of the old and the new, our 27.5" clunker is something unique, to say the least. Taking our BMX heritage and combining it with modern MTB technology, the Avenger is perfect for smashing it down singletrack on the weekend or just getting from A to B in style. With an injection of aftermarket parts from Shimano, WTB, and FSA, the Avenger is also stacked with some very special components we designed specifically for this bike based on some of our favorite parts from our mid-school BMX roots. The full chromoly frame, fork, and bar keep the Avenger tough and agile, while the larger 27.5" wheels with 2.30" tires allow you to tackle any terrain in your path. We spent a lot of time on the Avenger this model year and we couldn't be prouder of what we created; A bike that is as fun to look at as it is to ride. If you're looking for the ultimate weekend machine, look no further!

Discover Yuba's newest urban ally: a compact cargo bike that transforms based on your hauling needs. Smaller concept with a big impact – a mid-tail that has the same load capacity as the Spicy Curry, but can maneuver tight spaces with ease and be stored vertically on its end. To make things easier for you, Yuba developed a patent-pending rack system, allowing your bike to adapt to any type of cargo. The integrated Dual Rack System (DRS) has 4 different positions that provide unparalleled versatility to adapt to any type of ride on-the-fly. Discover the DRS and change positions in seconds: Sideloader mode, Carry-On mode, Flat mode, or Compact mode, there is always a solution to your situation. Thanks to its two 20" wheels, the FastRack boasts excellent maneuverability and a low center of gravity that makes it easier to ride with kids, adults or gear. The compact design and its short wheelbase enable you to explore your city in new ways by bringing your bike on the subway, bus, train and everything in between. Equipped with the powerful Shimano STEPS E7000 motor and a smooth Shimano 10-speed derailleur, the Fastrack enables you to navigate your local streets and hills without breaking a sweat while hauling heavy loads. A perfect match for your dynamic lifestyle, the reliable mid-drive Shimano system comes with a fast-charging 500Wh battery that makes it possible to shrink your city and go places by bike. The difference is in the details. We partner with brands that are experts in their niche, that make your ride more enjoyable and safe. Examples include Magura, Shimano, Cane Creek, Schwalbe, WTB and many more. Details like the Fastrack’s telescopic fork, the adjustable seatpost or the unique Easy Up handlebars make it simple to share the bike with others and store the Fastrack in small spaces. - Rider Height Min/max: 4'11"/6'2"

A BIKE FOR THE WAY RIDERS RIDE Caledonia doesn't fit in a box nicely, and we like it that way. It was conceived on our Thursday night rides-routes that often play fast and loose with 'road ride.' As we tried to stuff bigger tires into our R5s and streamline our Asperos, a new kind of bike was born. When we design a bike, we start with our library of tube shapes. These shapes are tubes we've used on other models that we know to have various qualities-aerodynamic, stiff, ultralight, etc.-and they help get us to the refinement stage on a bike more quickly. In the case of Caledonia, we wanted durability, lightweight, and aerodynamics to be in balance and selected a package that achieved the performance demands of this kind of race bike. Caledonia uses a standard round bar, stem, and seat post, giving riders the option to build their ultimate ride without compromise. Integrated accessory mounts and hidden fender mounts keep the bike's refined lines so you can ride with lights and computers in a downpour and still look fast. Because we all know if it looks fast, it probably is. Rather than designing multiple versions of the bike with various fit profiles (R5, R-Series, etc.) like we've done in the past, we designed a system that enables a broad range of fits on a single bike while maintaining the aesthetic and functional cleanliness we demand. Modern road riders are looking for bikes to handle long-distance, high pace, no limits, and offer maximum fun. By placing lower modulus carbon in key areas to mitigate the brittleness of hi-mod fiber-the Caledonia delivers performance, comfort, and speed. Oh, and you can fit a 34mm tire in there. Or 31mm with fenders.

- Lightweight 6061 aluminum easy step-through frame - Alloy crankset with sealed cartridge bottom bracket - Alloy rims with stainless steel spokes - Classic city handlebar and alloy stem - Sun comfort saddle - Alloy kickstand - Wheel Size: 27.5" - Gearing: 7-speed - Brakes: Rim Brake - Bike Weight: 32 lbs - Rider Weight Limit: 250 lbs

They say that every journey begins with a single step, but when that journey is related to exercise, that first step can sure be a doozy. But that one step, or in our case pedal stroke, can be life-changing—and there's no better machine to take the plunge with than with the Roll. It has everything you need to help achieve your goals, like a comfortable and upright geometry that makes getting on and off the bike super easy, wide and grippy 650b tires, hassle-free mechanical disc brakes, and a reliable mix of components that are built to withstand years of riding. You don't have to sacrifice, you just need the Roll 2.0 Low-Entry. - The Low-Entry Roll is made of our A1 Premium Aluminum. It features our Ground Control Positioning that makes it easy to put a foot down when stopped, while our Low-Entry design makes getting on and off a breeze. Lastly, the frame comes ready with rack/fender mounts. - Wide diameter, 650b x 2.3" Nimbus II Sport tires provide excellent traction, stability, and cushioning, which creates a safer, more reliable, and more comfortable ride on either paved or dirt roads. Plus, the reflective accents of the tire increase your visibility to motorists in low-light conditions. - Equipped with a Body Geometry Comfort Gel saddle, you can expect a supreme level of comfort anywhere you ride. It is ergonomically designed and scientifically tested to provide unmatched comfort and support while reducing pressure on soft tissue.

Stumpjumper 15 Alloy is here to obliterate every trade-off in the trail game. Devour bumps like a big bike? Check. Short-travel control, playfulness, and efficiency? Double check. How about a heaping helping of personalization to make it perfect for the only rider who really matters, you? Check, check, check. - All-new M5 alloy frame with SWAT door integration - Ride Dynamics tuned X-Fusion 02 Pro RL shock with adjustable rebound and lockout - RockShox Psylo Silver fork with Motion Control Damper - Reliable Shimano MT-420 4-piston brakes - 12-speed Shimano Deore drivetrain - Lifetime replacement of suspension pivot bearings to the original owner Wheel Sizing: S1 - S2: 29-inch front / 27.5-inch rear S3 - S6: 29-inch front and rear

Classic hybrid styling with an eye towards value, the North Bay is perfect for recreational riders and commuters on a budget. Sporting a 21-speed Shimano drivetrain along with front and rear linear pull hand brakes, the North Bay handles flat and hilly conditions with ease. It's a great choice for your next pleasure ride or just getting around town. - Custom formed high tensile steel frame - Shimano Tourney 21-speed drivetrain with MegaRange gearing - Shimano Revo twist shifters - Alloy linear-pull front and rear brakes - Alloy crankset with sealed cartridge bottom bracket - Alloy quick release wheels with stainless steel spokes - 700 x 38c hybrid tires - Upright steel handlebar and alloy stem - Sun comfort saddle and ergo grips - Plastic chainring guard - Alloy kickstand

Ice Cream Truck solves the problem of having to choose between a fat bike and a trail bike. It boasts a symmetric 190mm-spaced Chromoly frame, suspension-corrected 150mm-spaced fork, and sporty trail-oriented geometry. Supported by massive 4.8-inch tires, it's ready to deftly tackle nearly any terrain. - 100% Surly Chromoly steel with 44mm headtube and internal dropper post cable routing - Frame is E.D. Coated for increased life expectancy - 1-1/8-inch straight steerer fork, Chromoly steel - 100mm threaded bottom bracket shell - Front and rear thru-axles, non-offset

The Shortcut is a purpose-built folding bike for the rider who finds their free space is limited. It's compact, lightweight, easily folds away, and can spring into action with the flick of a few levers. The single speed and coaster brake provide a simple, fun, and low-maintenance ride. This Shortcut is the perfect roommate and travel companion!

Across campus, around town and wherever you choose to go, Sun's Cruz 7 will get you there in style. The agile aluminum frame boasts classic lines for a cool, old-school flavor, while the steel fork smooths out the ride. And with seven speeds at your disposal, you'll always have the perfect gear for easy climbing and descending. Plus, the springer saddle and wide, swept-back bars deliver an awesome upright position and outstanding comfort. What's more, the Cruz comes with fenders to keep you clean and dry even when road conditions are less than ideal.

With Sun's Biscayne tandem, you and a partner can cruise the town effortlessly in style. Thanks to super-soft cruiser saddles, heaps of room for both riders in a comfortable, upright riding position and a 7-speed drivetrain, this steel tandem boasts convenience and comfort. Plus, handy features such as full fenders keep you both dry, linear-pull brakes deliver sure stops and extra-wide 26-inch balloon tires roll easily over bumpy paths and roads.